Emmett Till

Emmett Till
Murdered at 14 years old in Money, Mississippi. The spectacle surrounding Till's murder was one of the precipitating events leading to the Civil Rights Movement.

Friday, August 3, 2007

My first encounter: a lasting struggle

Marquita Flowers

My First Encounter: A Lasting Struggle


Do insecurities begin with our own fears or the fears people embed in us?

When I was seven years old I experienced my first racist encounter. My best friend, Jelori, and I were on the swings in the park right near my house having a good time. We saw a white older man with his presumed daughter walking towards the park where we were very excited at the thought of a possible new playmate. We were both surprised when the father of the girl approached us and said, “Get up and move.” I was stunned and politely asked, “Why” He responded, “You know your place now move my daughter wants to swing.” I looked at the young girl who appeared to be sweet and innocent but had the views of people who hate people like me. I felt the heat within begin to rise and I said, “No, she can wait in line like I had to.” With that he turned and walked away.
This incident scarred me as a young child and made me fully aware of the dissent some whites have against people of my complexion. It made me question if my race or culture was bad and what my people had done to deserve to be treated the way they were. It made me want to be lighter so I wouldn’t have to ever face another situation like that, it made me wonder if every white person I knew was going to accept me for who I was or judge me because of something I had no control over. It made me feel less than human and created an inferiority complex that until this day I still have not fully overcome.
Being surrounded by people of color until my freshman year of high school enabled me to avoid confronting my insecurities. But once I entered a predominantly white high school there was no escaping, I was forced to deal with the negative perceptions I held of white people. I never hated white people because I understood that not every white person was a racist but I liked to keep my distance from them as a way of protecting myself just incase they were racist. My form of de facto segregation was not only to give me a level of comfort but also provided me with a level of protection I thought I needed.
It was not until my reading of the Civil rights book were I learned of a study where young children’s perception of themselves were tested through a doll study, and asked questions such as “Give me the nice doll” or “the doll that is bad “. The results of this test were disturbing because even with African American students they choose the white doll in the test not the one that represented there culture. I found this disturbing because even when I was young I wanted to play with the white doll’s they were always portrayed as the coolest or the ones with the most material possessions. But looking beyond the reasons to blaming the media what does the action of young black children preferring to play with white doll’s really symbolize. Why didn’t those children choose the white doll when they asked, “which doll is the nice doll”? Is a sense of inferiority to whites felt by children as young as 3 years old and if it is how are African American’s with insecurity issues supposed to overcome those issues if they have been embedded in us since childhood? Are we ever going to be able to impinge the days where we were looked at as inferior by the white man?
I’ll close this essay with no definitive answer because there is no definitive answer. There is not one simple conclusion to answering the question of why blacks feel inferior or less than. There is no one answer for why even after years of having justice we still feel enslaved. There is no answer or solution to not allowing others fear of being overpowered effect us. There is no solution, there is no answer so is it ever possible to overcome?

sami...

Samantha Frazier


 In a time where Jim Crow was the law and whites had the power to get away with murder, racism was something that was both taught and experienced first hand by children both black and white. No matter what the race of a child is, in America especially, and in other countries, children become aware of their identity and ethnicity. Some feel that racial profiling comes from a nonstop recycling of old customs and practices that live on dormant in the back of the mind. It is the life lessons of every individual that they pass on to their children. People choose to ignore signs of racism and try to forget the hardships of past civil rights activists and live on. However children of all colors are able to identify and respond to racism at a young age and even question the experiences they’ve had. 



There were about ninety five percent of black and Hispanic children attending my elementary school. I lived in Harlem my entire life, and when I had to leave my school a year early to attend middle school in the sixth grade, I was very upset. My first day of class was one I will never forget. I was afraid of the new school and being around the different kids. I remember that there were no more than about four black kids in the classroom with me. It bothered me to see for the first time that people looked at me differently because of the way that I talked and the things I wore to school. Some of the students thought it was cool, but others gave me funny looks and made me feel almost unaccepted. That was one of the first times I experienced any kind of racism and social disorder.
Because I was young and put in an element that I was very unfamiliar with, I decided to join a group of girls who were more like me and those who I could identify with more so. It was not until my third year at Manhattan East Middle School that I had finally learned how to participate and interact with students from unfamiliar cultures. By the time I was ready to go to high school I was used to being one of the only black girls around in many situations. When in high school I was put in a very similar environment, where the classes were mixed but there was still a very small number of black students in the same classes with me. By this time people had grown so used to being comfortable with stereotypes that they felt it necessary to ask questions that they thought were funny. 

Urban youths tend to grasp the idea that a black student who speaks correct English talks white and an illiterate slang speaker “talks black.” I never paid any attention to this idea but when asked why I do not “talk black” I simply replied by saying, “I do not know much about color languages, I speak purple myself but orange is my native tongue.” Being educated in situations like this one helped me to face the reality of what people realistically think of black people. It also causes people to stop and think about what they have said just like the situation that occurred in The Sky is Gray where the young black man in the story chooses to question the people of the Jim Crow times by saying to a woman, “Don’t you believe the wind is pink?” Later when the woman said, “ And what color is the grass, honey?” the boy replied “Grass? Grass is black.” There is a great significance in the way a young man is able to stand out and draw attention to an idea that should be practiced by more black people. However many young people both now in the twenty first century and then in the Jim Crow age, were unable to stand up against the norm or understand the significance of the racism they encounter. 
Children are taught many things by their parents, but it is the actual experiences that they have that mold them into adults and set the standards for what they chose to pass on to their children. Although the important lessons learned by our parents at a young age stick with us when we grow older, children like Richard from “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow” have to have many encounters with racial profiling and discrimination in order to grasp the concept of social order and acceptance. His first thoughts as a child were, “It was alright to throw cinders. The greatest harm a cinder could do was leaving a bruise. But broken bottles were dangerous; they left you cut, bleeding, and helpless.” After about nine life lessons on living Jim Crow and a situation were a white man on an elevator helped Richard, he says, “I evaded having to acknowledge his service, and in spite of adverse circumstances, salvaged a slender shred of personal pride.”
The young Richard, like myself, was unable to identify the seriousness of what he had done. When his mother punished him it was his first lesson in understanding that he had to watch everything that he did very carefully to survive. I too was unable to recognize the difference between myself and the majority of the students in the middle school and what it was that made me fear being like them. When Richard grew older and had more scary encounters with the white men telling him he was “lucky” to have gotten away with minor things, he was forced to learn how to function in his society even if it meant pretending to be happy and turning the other cheek when there was trouble. 

Even though it is up to adults to make sure that children know what they need to know to survive, ultimately it is up to the child to experience certain things and then apply the lessons learned form past mistakes. Eventually children can teach themselves how to function in societies where every thing is not necessarily fair or equal, whether they live in our day or in the 1950’s.

my essay "break the chains"

As people grow up, they learn about their society and culture through observation and through personal experiences. One thing that everyone gains some knowledge of, regardless of the validity of the information, is race. People learn about the different stereotypes associated with different races that are either prevalent in their society or are one of the factors that somehow affect their society. The short story “The Sky is Gray” by Ernest J Gaines is set in a time in which stereotypes were a part of life; these stereotypes were often part of the reality of the characters in this story. Similarly, the stereotypes of my society were highlighted through the experiences that I lived during my stay at Carleton College. Without knowing, people make generalizations about a certain group of people and this assumption seems to affect their lives, even though they are unaware of the falsehood of their beliefs.
The thing that most people do when discussing another race is generalize. They assume a certain authority, so to speak, in order to criticize and classify people of other races. For example, one common stereotype about people of color is that they are never on time to an event; this idea is given the term Colored People Time (CPT). This stereotype is a criticism against people of color because it depicts them as irresponsible people. In “The Sky is Gray”, the characters have a stereotype of white people that seems to dominate their actions and everyday life. The characters in this story strongly believe that white people are superior and that white people live better off than any other race. This is a generalization because these characters classify all white people to have these certain qualities.
When I went to Carleton College, I made the same generalization that all white people had money. I assumed that their lives were much better than mine and that they were all much wealthier than I was, being that I was a Dominican girl from the Bronx borough. Growing up in a poverty stricken place, where everyone was either on welfare, section eight, or both, life seemed to be a struggle that only people of color had to face, since only people of color live in my community. I would observe how happy the white people on television were and that gave me the impression that this was the life that every white person lived: a life of happiness, satisfaction, and money. Never did it occur to me that there would be a white person that would suffer more poverty than people I had witnessed all of my life. My generalization of white people was somehow distorted and incorrect. I found that out when I met my rhetoric assistant. He was a white man who grew up in Alabama and had a different world to talk to me about.
The story “The Sky is Gray” can be compared to my experience in Carleton College because they are based on financial struggles that people face. In both stories, there was a mother that was struggling to make ends meet. The mom in “The Sky is Gray” tries to stretch her money so that there could be enough to pay for the dentist but also to buy some meat for the kids at home. She was more focused on necessity rather than luxury. A good example is illustrated when James and his mother are walking around the town. They were walking through a snowstorm but they had thin coats of low quality because there was no money to purchase better coats. It was more important, for the mother, to feed the children and pay the dentist instead of getting luxurious coats; at least they had coats, regardless of how thin they were. ‘”Some people ain’t [sic] got that—hard’s [sic] time is” (Gaines 88). This is similar to the way my rhetoric assistant lived because his mom had to make ends meet. She didn’t have money to buy luxurious items, or any items, but instead of having her kids starve, she went to get government help, also known as food stamps. Another similarity is that in both cases it is obvious that “it’s the poor who suffers the most” (Gaines 95). Neither family got what they wanted; they lived their life based on the circumstances that they faced daily. Instead of planning for the future of the children, for example, the mothers had to worry about their present. There was never a time when the mothers had savings for their children to go to school. The children only went to public school on certain days because the mothers needed to worry about their financial stability. The main character from “The Sky is Gray” missed some days of school because he had to take care of his siblings or help his mother around the house. My rhetoric assistant also had to do these things. Finally, in both stories, education was regarded as a way out of poverty. The college student in the story did not accept assumptions of being inferior; he decided that through educating himself, he would be liberated and live a satisfactory life. My rhetoric assistant also decided that the only way he was going to be satisfied was if he left his circumstances in the pursuit of an education. Even though he didn’t have the money to go to Carleton College, he did not accept the assumption that he would stay in his poor condition. He took advantage of the “need blind” policy of the school and he was given a lot of money to study. In both stories, the main characters were aware of generalizations made about them, but they did not allow themselves to be limited.
The differences between the stories help to show that generalizations about struggle are not necessarily true. One major difference between the stories is the racial backgrounds of the characters, who had to struggle. In “The Sky is Gray”, the people, who were struggling, were black and in my experience, the rhetoric assistant was white. The fact that the people struggling were from different races shows that associating a certain race with a certain income is incorrect. Not all black people are poor and not all white people are rich. This is a common misconception that people have since they live in a society that only shows one side of a story. There were many white students in the program who probably assumed that I would be poor since I am a person of color and because I live in a borough that is assumed to be poor. They later found out that it was not true. Living in a poor community does not necessarily make me poor and though my rhetoric assistant is white, it does not mean that he is rich. He worked hard for what he wanted. This is another difference between the stories. The college student just spoke about his ideas and he was only questioning his reality, while my rhetoric assistant was willing to change his reality. The college student would question his status and the belief of people around him but my rhetoric assistant took it one step further. It is as if my rhetoric assistant was living out the dream of the college student in the story by getting an education and changing his conditions. These two characters took different approaches to the misconceptions around them and that helped to either change or keep their lives the same way.
The generalizations that we make, regardless of how valid they are, end up affecting us in many ways. The thought that all black people are poor creates a feeling of inferiority for the black people. It makes them feel like they can never get anything in life because of the color of their skin. They felt like they had less opportunities, when in reality they did not; they were limiting themselves. For example, the preacher in “The Sky is Gray” engulfs the misconceptions of black people. He embraces them in such a way that he does not want to hear anything that would go against them. The college student tries to make the preacher question his status but instead, the preacher slaps him because he does not want to know. The preacher was limiting his knowledge by trying to “protect” the kid. He felt pity for the kid since the kid was thinking differently, when he should have had pity on himself since he was accepting the stereotypes imposed on him. Before arriving at Carleton College, I had the idea that I would be inferior to most of the people there because I had the misconception that they would all have more money than I did. I was limiting myself by not thinking that I would have anything to add to the class, when in reality I did. I grew up in a neighborhood quite different than they did and I had a different perspective on life, which would contribute to the class discussions. Instead of thinking that I would be inferior, I should have felt privileged because I got the opportunity to teach people about my community to distort their misconceptions of it. I was also getting an opportunity to learn more about writing which was a privilege on its own. We should not indulge in the stereotypes that are out there because they will only limit us from expanding our knowledge.
There are many ideas that people have when discussing something unknown to them. What people usually do in this circumstance is make generalizations instead of trying to change the stereotypes around them. In both “The Sky is Gray” by Ernest J. Gaines and my experience in Carleton College, generalizations and misconceptions were proven wrong. Not everything one thinks of another race is true. One should not always go by what society accepts as true because in doing so, an individual would be limiting himself or herself.

Thursday, August 2, 2007

EZ'S ESSAY

Ezazul Haque
Race Ed.
Race is something that we all have. It gives us our identity in the marathon. As we grow up, we tend to have different thoughts and opinions on these different races. Having these thoughts and ideas affects the way we tend to act toward other races. Experiences like this are revealed through Richard in “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” written by Richard Wright and through my own life experiences.
In “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” a very small and young African American boy named Richard is portrayed throughout the whole story as kind of a student who is taking a class on how to live under Jim Crow laws. Richard makes some mistakes and pays a price when he does. He learns a very painful lesson in the very beginning of the story. He is a young boy who lives in the black part of the town. One day he got into a fight with a group of white boys. Richard was throwing cinders at them. But all of a sudden, they threw a glass bottle at him. Richard was seriously hurt. He fell to the ground and cried for help but his friends ran away from him because of the fear of getting hit by a glass bottle. Luckily someone helped him up and took him to the nearest hospital where he got three stitches. When Richard came home he waited anxiously for his mother to come home to reassure him. To embrace him. When his mom came home he told her all about his experiences earlier in that day. His mom was outraged. “How come yuh didn’t hide?” she asked instead of asking are you okay. She gave him a horrible beating that he would remember for the rest of his life. His mom told him to not fight anyone let alone white people. He was never to talk back to white people, he was never to disrespect white people, and he was always supposed to be inferior to white people. Richard was very shocked about the fact that he was not equal to white people.
Similarly to Richard I had experienced situations that enabled me to learn about race. When I lived in Bangladesh I used to think everyone was equal. I never questioned the meaning of race because we all were Bengali. We all were from the same country. I used to believe that we all were equal in every single way possible. But when I came to America I was amazed to see all of these people from so many different races, and who had so many different views and perspectives on the world. I would still act the same way I did in Bangladesh. I was race blind. I treated everyone equally. But unlike Richard I did not learn about race the hard way. But what I did observe was that there were other people that discriminated people of different races. One day in the park my friends and me were playing at the park. We were on the swings when a white man came with his son and said to my friend “Get of the swing nigger, my son wants it.” My friend just ran out of the swing. I ran after him. When I caught up I saw that my friend was crying. I asked him what was the matter and he didn’t talk to me. I felt really sad. I later understood the meaning of the word “nigger” and felt really bad for my friend. I also wondered why in a time period like this racism was still an issue a person had to deal with. I believed that all the lives that were sacrificed, all the misery that was dealt with, all the discrimination that was lived with and all the hatred that brought so much pain to so many hearts were done to prevent racism from happening for the later generations. And I believe that we cannot just think it was all a waste because of a microscopic percentage of the population that still discriminates. I believe that in life humans come across obstacles and challenges. Humans cannot just give up on their way, they have to look back at all the people that did so much to help them get to where they stand. And they just have to have the positive mind to overcome anything that comes in their path.
Thanks to the Civil Rights Movement I have the right to live, eat, be next to, stand up with, walk with, look at, share with, talk with everyone. And it gave us a chance to be friends with everyone and anyone despite their race. And I think that is one of the best achievements of mankind in all of history. And it is an achievement that everyone can be proud of, everyone can relate to and everyone can’t live without.

Last time

Imagine a life where hate is the norm. Picture a world where murder and violence are acceptable. Visualize death and danger. This was the way of life for Blacks in the 1950's. African-Americans were constantly and continually brutalized by whites. They had to deal with racial epithets, harsh brutality, and the constant threat of angered whites. Growing up in that day and age was extremely difficult for Black youth. They were basically robbed of their childhood because they were too busy living in a life of terror and threats to be capable of carrying on a normal life.
Many children today, and in the 1950's have had a hard time identifying who they are at a young age. One work of literature that portrays this is a children's book called Amazing Grace. Grace is a little, headstrong African-American girl whose dream is to play the lead role in her class production of Peter Pan. After trying out for the part, however, she is discouraged by many of her classmates to take the part because she is a black female trying to play the part of a white male. Having been so young and never being faced with the issue of race or gender, the incident left Grace sad and confused. She didn't see anything wrong with her trying to play Peter Pan. To her he was just a character who could easily be portrayed or represented by anyone. Race or gender had never served as a barrier for Grace before.
Her issue can relate to Black youth in the 1950's because they are growing up in an era of legal white supremacy. Their parents and those before them are used to being shut down. They are accustomed to the oppression and constant segregation. After years of "yessir" and "no sir" rolling off their tounges, they have no idea how to adapt to a new way of life. The youth of that time was confused with the way of life. How is it that the government could sit back and allow such crimes to take place? Many youths who were from other parts faced that hardship too. Fourteen year old Emmet Till moved to Mississippi from Chicago, two almost completely seperate worlds. Up North in Chicago, Blacks were actually treated humanely. Down South, however, was a whole other story. Lynchings were still rampant, and the terror group, the Klu Klux Klan (KKK) had the nasty practice of bombing homes and leaving large burning crosses around. Blacks, men especially, were brutally punished for the simplest things such as forgetting to say "Yes sir" to a white man or for looking at a white woman. Emmett made the innnocent mistake of whistling to a white woman, influencing her husband and brother-in-law to brutally murder him. He was so beaten so severely, his face was practically unrecognizeable. The only way they identified his body was by the ring he wore that he inherited from his father. Although his was one of the few reported cases of violence, it was knowledge to many that there were many more victims of white supremacy.
Growing up today is much less of a challenge than it was during the civil rights movement for youth as a whole, not just black, but also white. Those who supported the civil rights movement were considered traitors and sinners. Facing constant ridicule, fighting, and opression, Southern youth was forced into an age of rapid mental maturity. Due to the study of history and culture, I believe i found my culture at a young age. I had so much less racial hardships and I wasn't very exposed to many cultures. There's less discrimination in a culture where everyone is black. Childern of today have a much easier life than those who preceeded us.

Essay

Vanessa Davis


When I was accepted into the High School for Environmental Studies, I never expected to see so much diversity. In fact, I didn’t even know it existed. The schools which I attended previously were in my community and the people that I encountered were usually Hispanic. New York is a very diverse state as a whole, but there are certain places were you might only find a particular group of people. However, when I entered high school, I encountered people from many different backgrounds, and this is how I learned about different races. I was able to interact with people and see the cultural differences.
When I met people that came from different backgrounds, I became more aware of the world in which I live. I realized how many different countries and languages there are. I began to see things from a different perspective because I was no longer in my small community. I was out in the real world, surrounded by strangers.
My experience with a different race is similar to the Richard Wright”s in The Ethics of Living Jim Crow. The story progresses from him being a child to him becoming an adult. When Wright has to work in order to sustain himself, he works with and for Caucasians, which was new to him because he was used to being around blacks, his own race. Unlike Richard Wright, I didn't face racism but I did become more aware of my surroundings and others just as he did. The Wright was accustomed to living and interacting only with his own race. "We lived in the very heart of the local black belt. There were black churches and black preachers; there were black schools and black teachers, black grocieries and black clerks. In fact, everything was solidly black that for a long time I didn’t t think of white folks. But this could not last forever" (pg12). Wright was surprised by the way Caucasians acted and the way in which they treated him. At first he didn’t really understand that he was considered inferior and that he had to be submissive in order to be able to maintain his job and to avoid being physically hurt. The more he experienced, the more he learned about himself and about others. He learned how to respond in a certain way in order to maintain his job.
When I entered my school, I learned to approach people that came from different backgrounds. They didn’t t seem racist and didn’t display the attitude that the Caucasian from The Ethics of Living Jim Crow did. However, I still didn’t know them. Before I entered the High School for Environmental Studies, I had never really come in contact with Asian kids. When I was in classes with them it was interesting talking to them. As I got to know them better, some shared personal experiences with me and I learned more about their family lives and the things which those specific families believed in and I saw how they were different then my family. Like Richard Wright I was often astonished by the things that I learned. I know that most parents have rules which their children have to follow but I was surprised that a couple of them had parents that were very strict, and that the way in which they spoke to their parents was different then the way I spoke to my parents. It seemed as if there was more distance and more standards that had to be followed when speaking to elders in general and elders included their parents. I respect my parents, but I speak to them like I would regularly speak to people with whom I’m close. In addition, I learned more about Thailand because I have a close friend that use to live there. She often taught me small words in her language. I also learned a lot about different religions, specifically from someone that was Muslim. There are many teenagers in my school who are religious and are very involved with their church. It's interesting to learn things about other people with whom you normally would not interact unless you’re in a particular setting.
People from similar races usually stay together because it is more comfortable to speak to someone who understands you completely, that understands your background, and with whom you may feel comfortable saying certain things because you know that you will be understood. However, we have to be prepared for the reality in which we live in. In order to understand others and their beliefs we have to communicate with them. The Richard Wright’s interaction with another race wasn’t positive, but he had to deal with real everyday issues like everyone else. He slowly learned his way around things. He found very small ways to make his situation a little bit better. Even though he wasn’t allowed to take out library books because of the color of his skin, he still found ways to educate himself and to maintain his dignity. My experience was similar to Richard Wright in that I had to step out in the real world and learn how to communicate with others. It was easier for me then it was for Richard Wright because the people that I spoke to responded in a friendly manner. They were new to the school and were having similar experiences as me. We were all together in school receiving the same education and at the same time learning about each other.
In The Ethics of Living Jim Crow, I saw how Richard Wright only understood the lessons his mother taught him about segregation and racism when he experienced it for himself. "I had learned my Jim Crow lessons so thoroughly that I kept the hotel job till I left Jackson for Memphis." (pg 27) When Wright worked in Memphis, he often felt shame and embarrassment. But in hindsight, he realized that he accomplished many things in a society that had and continued to discriminate against him in many ways. He had to overcome many obstacles, but every obstacle he overcame only made him stronger and more tolerant. He mentions how he had to exercise a great deal of ingenuity to stay out of trouble. He learned how to lie, steal and to do many other things in order to be able to survive of his life. Racism was something that Wright understood as he went through different stages in his life. When I applied to the school I am in now I didn't realize the change it was going to be and I didn’t really recognize the significance of that change in my life.

Race Does Not Limit Your Destination(Final Essay Draft)

Has it ever occurred to you that race has anything to do with the way we limit ourselves to certain things in life? Do you think that race has a big impact on your life and what you become? I’ve always happened to think that because of my race there would be a limit to what I could do but I never put myself down because I thought this way. The summer after I turned sixteen I got admitted to attend Choate Rosemary Hall, a very prestigious boarding school in Wallingford, CT. Stereotypically enough I thought that only people who belonged to the white race were privileged enough to attend a school like this because they are seen as superior in America and they are said to be very wealthy. In fact this is what scared me the most to be the one person out of the few to be on scholarship and to be of a middle class income around these people so different from me.
My experience at Choate Rosemary Hall enabled me to learn how unimportant race really is and that we as minorities of color tend to limit ourselves too much because of what we are. I’m not of white descent and my family is not wealthy at all. They just happened to have enough income to live a decent life. Yet there I was sitting in the same place of someone that from way back in history has been said to be superior and better than any other race. This is where I began to realize that your race does not affect where you go and what you do in life.
This is why it really disturbed me when in Richard Wright’s story, ”The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” a white man expresses himself in such a way that was really disrespectful towards a young black man that was working in the same work environment. When the boy tried to get help from this guy because he was new at the job this man responded, “Nigger, you think you’re white, don’t you?” How do you say this to someone who is clearly as capable as you are just because he is of a different ethnicity? How are you too black to do something? It was just an irrational response, which shows how ignorant some people can be, specifically during the Jim Crow Era. How do you define capability by color or race? I never understood that. What you’re able to do is something that has nothing to do with your race; it has to do more with your skills, motivation, and the qualities you have to offer.
Wright’s experience in this story is very similar to my experience at Choate Rosemary Hall. My way of thinking is all in my personal mentality but this boy was forced to live in this mentality; this was reality to him. He was forced to live by rules that encouraged people to think a certain way about the black and white populations. The Jim Crow laws of segregation created differences between these two races and therefore created this idea that blacks were better than whites. No one at that time looked at the qualities that these black people had to offer. They were instead denied their human rights as citizens of the United States of America just based on their skin color.
Today, living in the 21st century, we don’t have to face these difficulties as far as segregation laws are considered. But the reality is we still feel inferior. I created the thought that because of my race I wouldn’t be permitted to enter anywhere the standards were too high. Both the main character of this story and I were put in a situation were we felt scared of the reality we had to face while feeling proud of showing every person of color that it’s possible to do what seems unattainable.
We minorities have a fear of working to our fullest potential because we think we’re going to be deceived or turned down by the white race. It’s scary how, until this day, this remains our automatic response to everything that seems out of our circle of life. We tend to limit what we can do and question our capability because we are always so focused on how others see our race. Race does not limit our destination; we do. Humans were not created of different colors to be categorized as failures or superior in life. We need to get over this ignorance and show the world that we can be as successful as every white person in this world.

EZ's Esssay

Race is something that we all have. It gives us our identity in the marathon. As we grow up, we tend to have different thoughts and opinions on these different races. Having these thoughts and ideas affects the way we tend to act toward other races. Experiences like this are revealed through Richard in “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” written by Richard Wright and through my own life experiences.

In “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” a very small and young African American boy named Richard is portrayed throughout the whole story as kind of a student who is taking a class on how to live under Jim Crow laws. Richard makes some mistakes and pays a price when he does. He learns a very painful lesson in the very beginning of the story. He is a young boy who lives in the black part of the town. One day he got into a fight with a group of white boys. Richard was throwing cinders at them. But all of a sudden, they threw a glass bottle at him. Richard was seriously hurt. He fell to the ground and cried for help but his friends ran away from him because of the fear of getting hit by a glass bottle. Luckily someone helped him up and took him to the nearest hospital where he got three stitches. When Richard came home he waited anxiously for his mother to come home to reassure him. To embrace him. When his mom came home he told her all about his experiences earlier in that day. His mom was outraged. “How come yuh didn’t hide?” she asked instead of asking are you okay. She gave him a horrible beating that he would remember for the rest of his life. His mom told him to not fight anyone let alone white people. He was never to talk back to white people, he was never to disrespect white people, he was always supposed to be inferior to black people. Richard was very shocked about the fact that he was not equal to white people.

Similarly to Richard I had experienced situations that enabled me to learn about race. Up until I was in Bangladesh to the age of 9 I used to think everyone was equal. I never questioned the meaning of race because we all were Bengali. We all were from the same country. I used to believe that we all were equal in every single way possible. But when I came to America I was just amazed to see all of these people from so many different races that had so many different views and perspectives on the world. I would still act the same way I did in Bangladesh. I was race blind. I treated everyone equally. But unlike Richard I did not learn about race the hard way. I did not get physical experience to learn about race.

And that is I think due to the civil rights movement. It gave me the ability to live, eat, be next to, stand up with, walk with, look at, share with, talk with everyone. And it gave us a chance to be friends with everyone and anyone despite their race. And I think that is one of the best achievements of mankind in all of history.

The Grace of Youth

Imagine a life where hate is the norm. Picture a world where murder and violence are acceptable. Visualize death and danger. This was the way of life for Blacks in the 1950's. African-Americans were constantly and continually brutalized by whites. They had to deal with racial epithets, harsh brutality, and the constant threat of angered whites. Growing up in that day and age was extremely difficult for Black youth. They were basically robbed of their childhood because they were too busy living in a life of terror and threats to be capable of carrying on a normal life.
Many children today, and in the 1950's have had a hard time identifying who they are at a young age. One work of literature that portrays this is a children's book called Amazing Grace. Grace is a little, headstrong African-American girl whose dream is to play the lead role in her class production of Peter Pan. After trying out for the part, however, she is discouraged by many of her classmates to take the part because she is a black female trying to play the part of a white male. Having been so young and never being faced with the issue of race or gender, the incident left Grace sad and confused. She didn't see anything wrong with her trying to play Peter Pan. To her he was just a character who could easily be portrayed or represented by anyone. Race or gender had never served as a barrier for Grace before.
Her issue can relate to Black youth in the 1950's because they are growing up in an era of legal white supremacy. Their parents and those before them are used to being shut down. They are accustomed to the oppression and constant segregation. After years of "yessir" and "no sir" rolling off their tounges, they have no idea how to adapt to a new way of life. The youth of that time was confused with the way of life. How is it that the government could sit back and allow such crimes to take place? Many youths who were from other parts faced that hardship too. Fourteen year old Emmet Till moved to Mississippi from Chicago, two almost completely seperate worlds. Up North in Chicago, Blacks were actually treated humanely. Down South, however, was a whole other story. Lynchings were still rampant, and the terror group, the Klu Klux Klan (KKK) had the nasty practice of bombing homes and leaving large burning crosses around. Blacks, men especially, were brutally punished for the simplest things such as forgetting to say "Yes sir" to a white man or for looking at a white woman. Emmett made the innnocent mistake of whistling to a white woman, influencing her husband and brother-in-law to brutally murder him. He was so beaten so severely, his face was practically unrecognizeable. The only way they identified his body was by the ring he wore that he inherited from his father. Although his was one of the few reported cases of violence, it was knowledge to many that there were many more victims of white supremacy.
Growing up today is much less of a challenge than it was during the civil rights movement for youth as a whole, not just black, but also white. Those who supported the civil rights movement were considered traitors and sinners. Facing constant ridicule, fighting, and opression, Southern youth was forced into an age of rapid mental maturity. Due to the study of history

essay draft...



In a time where Jim Crow was the law and whites have the power to get away with murder, racism is something that is both taught and experienced first hand by children both black and white. No matter what the race of a child is, in America especially, and in other countries, children become aware of their identity and ethnicity. Some feel that racial profiling comes from a nonstop recycling of old customs and practices that live on dormant in the back of the mind. People chose to ignore signs of racism and try to forget the hardships of past civil rights activists and live on. However children of all colors are able to identify and respond to racism at a young age and even question the experiences they’ve had.

In River East Elementary school there were about ninety five percent of black and Hispanic children attending. I lived in Harlem my entire life and when I had to leave my school a year early to attend middle school in the sixth grade, I was very upset. My first day of class was one I will never forget. I was afraid of the new school and being around the different kids. I remember that there were no more than about four black kids in the classroom with me. It bothered me to see for the first time that people looked at me differently because of the way that I talked and the things I wore to school. Some of the students thought it was cool but others gave me funny looks and made me feel almost un accepted. That was one of the first times I experienced any kind of racism and social disorder.
Because I was young and put in an element that I was very unfamiliar with, I decided to join a group of girls who were more like me and those who I could identify with more so. It was not until my third year at Manhattan East Middle School that I had finally learned how to participate and interact with students with unfamiliar cultures. By the time I was ready to go to high school I was used to being one of the only black girls around in many situations. When in high school I was put in a very similar environment, where the classes were mixed but there was still a very small amount of black students in the same classes with me, By this time people had grown so used to being comfortable with stereotypes that they felt it necessary to ask questions that they thought were funny.
There is a new idea housed by urban youths that a black student who speaks correct English talks white and an illiterate slang speaker “talks black.” I never paid any attention to this idea but when asked why I do not “talk black” I simply replied by saying, “I do not know much about color languages, I speak purple myself but orange is my native tongue.” Being educated in situations like this one helped me to face the reality of what people realistically think of black people. It also causes people to stop and think about what they have said just like the situation that occurred in The Sky is Gray where the young black man in the story chooses to question the people of the Jim Crow times by saying to a woman “Don’t you believe the wind is pink?” and later when the woman said “ And what color is the grass, honey?” the boy replied “Grass? Grass is black.” However many young people both now in the twenty first century and then in the Jim Crow age, were unable to stand up against the norm or understand the significance of the racism they encounter.
Children are taught many things by their parents but it is the actual experiences that they have that mold them into adults and set the standards for what they chose to pass on to their children. Although the important lessons learned by our parents at a young age stick with us when we grow older, children like Richard from The Ethics of Living Jim Crow have to have many encounters with racial profiling and discrimination in order to grasp the concept of social order and acceptance. His first thoughts as a child were “It was alright to throw cinders. The greatest harm a cinder could do was leaving a bruise. But broken bottles were dangerous; they left you cut, bleeding, and helpless.” After about nine life lessons on living Jim Crow and a situation were a white man on an elevator he says, “I evaded having to acknowledge his service, and in spite of adverse circumstances, salvaged a slender shred of personal pride”, helped Richard
The young Richard like myself was unable to identify the seriousness of what he had done. When his mother punished him it was his first lesson in understanding that he had to watch everything that he did very carefully to survive. I too was unable to recognize the difference between myself and the majority of the students in the middle school and what it was that made me fear being like them. When Richard grew older and had more scary encounters with the white men telling him he was “lucky” to have gotten away with minor things, he was forced to learn how to function in his society even if it meant pretending to be happy and turning the other cheek when there was trouble.
Even though it is up to adults to make sure that children know what they need to know to survive. It is ultimately up to the child to experience certain things and then apply the lessons learned form past mistakes. Eventually children can teach themselves how to function in societies where every thing is not necessarily fair or equal, whether they live in our day or in the 1950’s.

essay

John Gutierrez

Being born and raised in New York, you notice the positive and negative of society. This became apparent when I read, “ The Sky is Gray” because there are certain times where I can relate to James. I was the first-born child of my mother, and it was hard times for her. This opened my eyes because it remained me of the scene to where James was hungry, but his mother had no money to give. As a whole we should learn from others experience because it can better adapt us to an environment that we are presently in or about to face.
My mother was a strong worker who wanted the best for me. As ones body meets a certain age, there is little that we can do, so this forced her to stay home and raise me with little money on the table. The situation got more complex because of my baby sister, and that met more mouths to feed. Since I was growing up, I wanted thing that I saw others have that I did not. All that pressure sunk my mother because she had to deal with my needs, my sister, family in the Dominican Republic, and herself. Even though she faced all of this at one time, she had time and money for me. She gave me all she could and had food on the table with a roof over our heads. All she told me was, “Get an education because I want you to live a better life.” With aid from all over, it told me that she was very sociable with everyone because of all the people who would call her or come if her were sick or hurt.
As time years go by, I learn to mature to the situation that is face, not only by my mother, but my family. Soon I am going to college, and I know I have to put my part in it and I know that my mother will give her support for me. Still I cannot stop to think about how I acted when I was younger because it would not reflect the person I am today. Back then I would ask my mother for money so I could eat Mc Donald or some pizza when I see that she cooked food for me. This is something I know would never help my mother because she would loss money both on the food she cooked and the money for me to go eat outside. Nonetheless she gave me the money, yet I did not feel guilty because I got what I wanted. It was because of her kindness and generosity that in September of 2006 when she was hospitalized, I was the one who sent her, I was the one who stayed that night, and I was the one who visited her each day to see her expression. That was when I had to grow up and watch myself and maintain myself with the money she gave me. With that little money she gave me, it opened my eyes because this was how we really lived.
In “The Sky is Gray”, James is a boy that had a toothache. Even though the mother had barely any money, she took him to the dentist. When he got to the dentist, it was full, and it was a colored dentist. As time went on, James never got his tooth checked and he was cold and hungry. Knowing that there was little money that his mother had, he stayed quiet. Even though they passed through several food stores, mostly whites, he never said a thing.
If you were to compare James to me, you will see a difference. However you need to understand the difference in the times. James was around the 1950’s and 1960’s, and my time period is the early 2000’s. Therefore the difference can be seen because James faced segregation and poverty, while I just faced poverty. Segregation is the one difference, but it is the major gap between James and me. As a result James was more mature at a young age because of all the treatment he and his mother received. Personally I never went through what colored people went through, so to be mature at that time was a must if you were to survive. Now I can see that we must not focus on ourselves because whatever we do can and will affect other we love.

Wednesday, August 1, 2007

EZ's Essay

Race is something that we all have. It gives us our identity in the marathon. As we grow up, we tend to have different thoughts and opinions on these different races. Having these thoughts and ideas affects the way we tend to act toward other races. Experiences like this are revealed through Richard in “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” written by Richard Wright and through my own life experiences.

In “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” a very small and young African American boy named Richard is portrayed throughout the whole story as kind of a student who is taking a class on how to live under Jim Crow laws. Richard makes some mistakes and pays a price when he does. He learns a very painful lesson in the very beginning of the story. He is a young boy who lives in the black part of the town. One day he got into a fight with a group of white boys. Richard was throwing cinders at them. But all of a sudden, they threw a glass bottle at him. Richard was seriously hurt. He fell to the ground and cried for help but his friends ran away from him because of the fear of getting hit by a glass bottle. Luckily someone helped him up and took him to the nearest hospital where he got three stitches. When Richard came home he waited anxiously for his mother to come home to reassure him. To embrace him. When his mom came home he told her all about his experiences earlier in that day. His mom was outraged. “How come yuh didn’t hide?” she asked instead of asking are you okay. She gave him a horrible beating that he would remember for the rest of his life. His mom told him to not fight anyone let alone white people. He was never to talk back to white people, he was never to disrespect white people, he was always supposed to be inferior to black people. Richard was very shocked about the fact that he was not equal to white people.

Similarly to Richard I had experienced situations that enabled me to learn about race. Up until I was in Bangladesh to the age of 9 I used to think everyone was equal. I never questioned the meaning of race because we all were Bengali. We all were from the same country. I used to believe that we all were equal in every single way possible. But when I came to America I was just amazed to see all of these people from so many different races that had so many different views and perspectives on the world. I would still act the same way I did in Bangladesh. I was race blind. I treated everyone equally. But unlike Richard I did not learn about race the hard way. I did not get physical experience to learn about race.

And that is I think due to the civil rights movement. It gave me the ability to live, eat, be next to, stand up with, walk with, look at, share with, talk with everyone. And it gave us a chance to be friends with everyone and anyone despite their race. And I think that is one of the best achievements of mankind in all of history.

My Essay?

Imagine a life where hate is the norm. Picture a world where murder and violence are acceptable. Visualize death and danger. This was the way of life for Blacks in the 1950's. African-Americans were constantly and continually brutalized by whites. They had to deal with racial epithets, harsh brutality, and the constant threat of angered whites. Growing up in that day and age was extremely difficult for Black youth. They were basically robbed of their childhood because they were too busy living in a life of terror and threats to be capable of carrying on a normal life.
Many children today, and in have a hard time identifying who they are at a young age. One work of literature that portrays this is a children's book called Amazing Grace. Grace is a little, headstrong African-American girl whose dream is to play the lead role in her class production of Peter Pan. After trying out for the part, however, she is discouraged by many of her classmates to take the part because she is a black female trying to play the part of a white male. Having been so young and never being faced with the issue of race or gender, the incident left Grace sad and confused. She didn't see anything wrong with her trying to play Peter Pan. To her he was just a character who could easily be portrayed or represented by anyone. Race or gender had never served as a barrier for Grace before.
Her issue can relate to Black youth in the 1950's because they are growing up in an era of legal white supremacy. Their parents and those before them are used to being shut down. They are accustomed to the oppression and constant segregation. After years of "yessir" and "no sir" rolling off their tounges, they have no idea how to adapt to a new way of life. The youth of that time was confused with the way of life. How is it that the government could sit back and allow such crimes to take place? Many youths who were from other parts faced that hardship too. Fourteen year old Emmet Till moved to Mississippi from Chicago, two almost completely seperate worlds. In Chicago, Blacks weren't treated badly in Chicago

Yudany's essay

What is the best approach to raise children? Mothers are guardian angels regardless of their unique approach to guard their children. Often time’s society portrays mothers as if they are all equal and it is not; that is a misconception. Mothers are dolls in all sizes and color. Often time mothers are very caring and over protective to the point of spoiling their children. But my mother brought me up in a totally different maternal environment. When my parents decided to take different paths in life my mother was too young and poorly prepared to be in charge of her self and me. As she was learning how to survive in a world full of challenge at the same time she was raising me. I was sent to school when I was three years old. As most little kids I was afraid of the dark and my mother made go to the bathroom by myself. I would cry, but she would not come with me. She taught me that fear only existed in me mind and to get rid of it. She taught me how to roller blade in big roller blades, she taught me to ride a regular bike. She taught me to be strong at all times. When I turned six in one night she taught me how to read, write and how to add, subtract, multiply and divide. From that day on I had to do my homework on my own. It was intense and I thought it was too early but I could not disobey her. If I wanted something I had to wait for to her buy it when she felt I needed it, not before. While other kids would be playing around and getting the latest toys, I was reading or writing and did not get what everybody had.
Years later seeking better opportunities for me we came to the United States when I was thirteen. She did not want me to grow in the Dominican Republic for the lack of progress. My mother whose name is Dinorah had high expectations of me. When I went to high school, one counselor told me it was going to be hard for me to perform well in a school that did not have a bilingual program and I might fail the grade. I was terrified but my mother made me go to that school and told me to what I knew how to do. My mother never helped me with anything regardless of my schoolwork but I must bring home excellent grades. As I grew older I was the one responsible to go and pay the bills of the house. She would only give me the bills and I had to made the calculations and tell her the amount of money she had to give me. To this day I do not have a cell phone because she took it away. I am the one responsible for my education and I made my own decisions. I follow all her rules and follow our moral values.
As I was reading the story “ The Sky is Gray “ by Ernest J. Gaines, I was astonished by the connection I discovered between James, the main character, and myself. “Then I catch her kind of looking where I’m. I smile at her a little bit. But think she’ll smile back.” (Pg. 91) When I read this quote I had a spontaneous flashback. James a boy of only eight years old growing up during the times period of Jim Crow was acting like a man to satisfy his mother. “ I love my mama and I want put my arm round her. But I’m not supposed to do that. She say that’s weakness and crybaby stuff…”(Pg. 84). I almost cry because I have experienced the feeling of hugging my mother but she is not the type of caring and loving mother. He is afraid of the dark just as I was but his mother also made him confront his fear. He was hungry and cold and did not say anything. Always looking straight because his mother told him. It is hard for an eight-year-old boy to act this way. I thought of my childhood and sympathize deeply with him.
How can a story change you? “The Sky is Gray” is a story that shows the fears and intimidation of the black society due to racism and the era of Jim Crow. Just as my mother all of a sudden had to step out and raise me when she and my father separated, James’ mother had to step out and more than anything protect James after his father was sent to the army. James mother was training James to survive and to not be a victim of the Jim Crow era. Being aware that his mother’s approach to raise him was to prepare him for life and to survive and that she did it because she loves him with all her heart made see my mother’s approach to raise me from a different perspective. As well as James’s mother I understood that my mother loves me and that all she does is because of that maternal love and responsibility. My mother has been training me to be successful and be able to confront all types of circumstances. To survive in this society and in the United States as minority. It is hard to be a Latina and I realize that all my mother did and does is because she knows that to function well in this country and anywhere I go I have to be strong, independent and have a good education. The story opened my eyes and helped me to appreciate my mother more.
Even though James mother and my mother have similar approach to prepare us for life they have their differences. The age and time period is very different and thank god I have not experienced discrimination in the same level as James did. His mother was more concern to mentally prepare him to be saved and keep him away from getting in conflict with white people. As in the other hand my mother have been preparing me to be successful in life and to function well in a society in which regardless of the fact that the Latino race is a minority there are many opportunities to take advantage of. It has been a preparation to be independent, open minded and educated rather than to protect me from racial conflicts. The different purpose of their method of raising us also has a bigger impact. Different personalities are built and different path are taken. The way James being raised I predict he is going to be independent and strong as well as a hard-worker person. However, his mother has also taught him to be just a black person who knows his place and to not go against the white people. As in terms of race I have been taught that race is not a frontier/ barrier for me. I have no limits; I only have to fight my way there with effort and a good education. The world and society for which we were trained is different.
As a kid during the civil rights movement at an early stage one had a conclusive racial identity and awareness of what position in society that specific race had. Now days we still struggle with racism but in a smaller scale. Now as a kid race is just cultural and background identity. After, all I have come to realize that there is no right, wrong, better or worst approach to raise a child. Mothers are different and the way they raise their child depends on many things. Race, socioeconomics and background also play a role on the approach the heart of a mother chooses to raise their child.
Nothing in life is totally good or bad. Everything has its pros and cons, as well as there is matter and anti-matter. A loving and spoiling mother makes life easier for their kids but their kids may or may not learn how to live life on their own. A strict and “cold” mother helps prepare their kids for life and to confront adversity, but love is also an essential component of ones happiness. There is no school to teach mothers how to be a mother and there is no school to teach kids how to be kids. It is natural instinct which one follows and acquire through experiences. Which makes me think; what type of mother would I be?
Cesar Veras

My very first experience with racism, and being aware of it, started in my childhood days in the Dominican Republic. I remember there always being a sense of racial superiority between Dominicans and Haitians. Everywhere I used to go, racist jokes where being made about Haitians, and this only made me think, as an infant, that sometimes people are born superior to others, even though my family was always teaching me the right morals, teaching me how everyone is created equal. The things that I used to see around the environment made think otherwise. They made me think that I was better than these people.
The racial situation in the Dominican Republic is nowhere near what happened to African Americans. There is not any serious violence or segregation involved, but it is not the tangible things that hurt the psychological state of the human beings. It is the intangible ideas that make all the damage. Haitians in the Dominican Republic are growing up with some of the hatred that is expressed from native Dominicans. Many Haitians were at times insulted just because of where they are from. The entire Haitian race is judged as a whole, and not as individuals like they are supposed to.
My personal experience in the Dominican Republic makes me think of the story “Uncle Toms’ Children,” by Richard Wright, when he says; “I was never under any conditions to fight white folks again.” The connection I drew back to my past is that even though I was not prohibited, playing or interacting with Haitian kids was not portrayed as the right thing to do in the society. Many stereotypes were going on, and even now that makes Haitian kids seem like an inferior race. The verbal impact of what usually came out of people mouths made the self-esteem of these young Haitians completely deteriorate. It made their self-esteem deteriorate just like African American self-esteem was deteriorating during the civil rights period and before. Being in the view of the aggressor instead of the victim made me realize, at a young age, how cruel the real world out there could be. This made me see the world in the hypothetical idea of the white man against the black man in the United States during oppression times. Also, it made me realize how deceiving assumptions and appearances could be. Seeing that everyone is a human being in the eyes of the world helped me see how wrong people’s ideas could be sometimes. It made me notice how the ideas that some people have sometimes are cruel, immature, and ignorant.
In the United States we still see the same intangible racial hatred that exists in the Dominican Republic. Today African Americans have equal rights under the law. They do have the right to go to any public facility and enjoy the accommodations just like any other white person, but the mentality of some people still have not changed. Just because laws are in place to do the right thing does not mean that the hatred that was in place just a mere 50 years ago is going to disappear all of a sudden. The United States had scores of years under the influence of the white tyranny, and the way people think about certain topics is not going to change so easily. Today we still see the hatred and racism in some of these people. Just like in the Dominican Republic everyone has their rights, but what really affects the society is this sense of superiority and separation. In the United States we still see the black race being judged as a whole. In the United States if a black person commits a crime, the whole black race commits a crime. Also, in the Dominican Republic if a Haitian commits a crime, the whole Haitian race commits a crime. Eventually, subsequent to these crimes judgments are made of how the whole race “has to be” according to the white race. Because of the hatred and racism against Haitians and African Americans, they are not being judged as individuals, and that is where the main problem is coming from.

Ace's essay

How do children learn to hate? After the Brown vs. Board of Ed. case, schools are desegregated, but I believe that racial tension and discrimination still exists in schools. The first time I ever felt racially discriminated by the color of my skin was when I was ten in the fourth grade. Sine my neighborhood always consisted of both black and white residents with middle to high income, I never experienced or seen racial tension in my life before. I had believed that racial discrimination was a thing of the past that society looked down upon. It wasn’t until I attended a new public school in a white upper class neighborhood, that I had received a rude awakening to racism and segregation in public schools today. 



When I was in fourth grade, I was one of two African-American students in the class and one of three in the entire school. At the time, it seemed as though the children began to joke about stereotypes. Although they didn’t understand why the jokes were funny, the children would ask me if I was someone that fit the normal stereotypical joke. I vividly remember the kids asking me if I liked fried chicken, or if I lived in the ghetto because I was from Brooklyn. Although I never liked fried chicken or ever lived in the ghetto, the kids tried to apply any stereotype to me. I was automatically the scapegoat for what the kids didn’t like about black people. Their hate for black people eventually grew. It wasn’t long before no one wanted to sit next to the black kid in class or at lunch.

When I addressed my problem to the principal, she replied that because I didn’t have the money to live where the other kids resided, I wouldn’t fit in with the children. I was furious about what she said because she also believed that I lived in a low economic environment because the color of my skin. I was also very upset that the principal didn’t explain to the children that stereotypical jokes in school were taboo. The straw that broke the camel’s back was when a student told me “the color of your skin looks like shit.” Fortunately, I left the school after that incident. Since then, I’ve been a much happier person in school, but I’ll never forget the experience of being loathed because of the color of my skin.

It was then that I realized even though the case Brown vs. Board of Ed. was over, the racial tension problem still existed in public schools, even in the north. When I look back on the situation I also think about Kenneth Clark’s studies. Clark’s research was based on According to a quote in the book Eyes On The Prize Civil Rights Reader, Clark’s says “white kindergarten children in New York City show a clear preference for whites and a clear rejection for negroes.”

The study’s results took place in 1950s, and since segregation has been abolished, it is possible that the age of a child’s racial preference may be older. In my case, the age of the children was ten in the fourth grade. Although it’s been four decades since segregation as a whole has been abolished, I believe that racism is still and will be present in our society for a while. I can only hope that children of younger generations learn not to hate or discriminate at a young age.

Intro time, but more to come

Imagine a life where hate is the norm. Picture a world where murder and violence are acceptable. Visualize death and danger. This was the way of life for Blacks in the 1950's. African-Americans were constantly and continually brutalized by whites. They had to deal with racial epithets, harsh brutality, and the constant threat of angered whites. Growing up in that day and age was extremely difficult for Black youth.

not complete but heres my essay

The first time I ever felt racially discriminated by
the color of my skin was when I was ten in the fourth
grade. Sine my neighborhood always consisted of both
black and white residents with middle to high income,
I never experienced or seen racial tension in my life
before. I had believed that racial discrimination was
a thing of the past that society looked down upon. It
wasn’t until I attended a new public school in a white
upper class neighborhood, that I had received a rude
awakening to racism and segregation in public schools
today.

When I was in fourth grade, I was one of two
African-American students in the class and one of
three in the entire school. At the time, it seemed as
though the children began to joke about stereotypes.
Although they didn’t understand why the jokes were
funny, the children would ask me if I was someone that
fit the normal stereotypical joke. I vividly remember
the kids asking me if I liked fried chicken, or if I
lived in the ghetto because I was from Brooklyn.

start of essay

When I was accepted into the high school for environmental studies I never expected to see so much diversity, in fact I didn’t even know it existed. The schools, which I attended previously, were in my community and the people that I encountered were usually Hispanic. New York is a very diverse state as a whole, but there are certain places were you might only find a of particular group of people.
However, when I entered high school I encountered people from many different backgrounds, and this is how I leaned about different races. As I began to communicate and see people that were different them me I compared them to others and myself. I was able to interact with others and see he cultural difference. I was no longer in a community in which people where very similar to me.
Cesar Veras


My very first experience with racism, and being aware of it, started since my childhood days in the Dominican Republic. I remember there always being a sense of racial superiority between Dominicans and Haitians. Everywhere I used to go racist jokes where being made of this group of people and this only made me think as a little by that sometimes people are born superior to other people. Even though my family was always teaching me the right morals. Teaching me how everyone is created equal. The things that I used to see around made think otherwise. They made me think that I was better than this people.
The racial situation in the Dominican Republic is nowhere near what happened to African Americans. There is not any serious violence or segregation involved, but it is not the tangible things that hurt the psychological state of the human beings. It is the intangible ideas that make all the damage. Haitians in the Dominican Republic are growing up with some of the hatred that is expressed from native Dominicans. “Many Haitians were at times insulted just because of where they are from.” This makes the whole entire race being looked as a whole, and not as individuals like they are supposed to.
My personal experience in the Dominican Republic makes me think of the story “Uncle Toms’ Children,” by Richard Wright, when he says; “I was never under any conditions to fight white folks again.” The connection I drew back to my past is that even though it was not prohibited, playing or interacting with Haitian kids was not portrayed as the right thing to do in the society. Many stereotypes were going on, and even now that makes Haitian kids seem like an inferior race.

This i Just part of my essay.....(Race Does Not Determine Your Destination)

Had it ever occur to you that race had to do anything with the way we limit ourselves to certain things in life? Do you think that race has a big impact on your life and what you become? I happened to always think that way but never discouraging myself before I turned sixteen. The summer after I turned sixteen I got admitted to attend Choate Rosemary Hall a very prestigious boarding school in Wallingford CT. Stereotypically enough I thought that only people that belonged to the white race were privileged enough to attend a school like this because the are seen as superiors in America and they are said to be very wealthy. In fact this is what scared me the most to be the one person out of the few to be on scholarship and to be of a middle class income around these people so different from me.
Being at Choate Rosemary Hall This summer really enable me to learn how unimportant race is and that we as minorities of colored race tend to limit ourselves too much because of what we are. I’m not of white descent and my family is not wealthy at all they just happened to have enough income to live a descent life but yet there I was sitting in the same place of someone that from way back in history has been said to be superior to me. This is where I began to realize that your race does not affect where or what you do in life.

my essay

as we grow up we tend to have certain ideas of races. we learn to think lik this through our parents... ( free writing)


intro: discuss how ppl usually think one way about a race.. close minded
intro book "the sky is gray" and story
my idea that ideas are not real
Body 1: ideas of race
book: white people are superior
story: white people are rich
body 2: how it affects us
book: blck ppl had less opportunities and were limited
story: felt inferior and poor
body 3: truth of races
book: truth expressed through young boy
story: rhetoric assistants story
conclusion: not everything u think is true
summary of ponts and ideas


this is like my outline so far

EZ's Essay so far

Race is something that we all have. It gives us our identity in the marathon. As we grow up, we tend to have different thoughts and opinions on these different races. Having these thoughts and ideas affects the way we tend to act toward other races. Experiences like this are revealed through Richard in “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” written by Richard Wright and through my own life experiences.

In “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,” a very small and young African American boy named Richard is portrayed throughout the whole story as kind of a student who is taking a class on how to live under Jim Crow laws. Richard makes some mistakes and pays a price when he does. He learns a very painful lesson in the very beginning of the story. He is a young boy who lives in the black part of the town. One day he got into a fight with a group of white boys. Richard was throwing cinders at them. But all of a sudden, they threw a glass bottle at him. Richard was seriously hurt. He fell to the ground and cried for help but his friends ran away from him because of the fear of getting hit by a glass bottle. Luckily someone helped him up and took him to the nearest hospital where he got three stitches. When Richard came home he waited anxiously for his mother to come home to reassure him. To embrace him. When his mom came home he told her all about his experiences earlier in that day. His mom was outraged. “How come yuh didn’t hide?” she asked instead of asking are you okay. She gave him a horrible beating that he would remember for the rest of his life. His mom told hime to not fight anyone let alone white people. He was never to talk back to white people, he was never to disrespect white people, he was always supposed to be inferior to black people. Richard was very shocked about the fact that he was not equal to white people.

Similarly to Richard I had experienced situations that enabled me to learn about race. Up until I was in Bangladesh to the age of 9 I used to think everyone was equal. I never questioned the meaning of race because we all were Bengali. We all were from the same country. I used to believe that we all were equal in every single way possible. But when I came to America I was just amazed to see all of these people from so many different races that had so many different views and perspectives on the world. I would still act the same way I did in Bangladesh. I was race blind. I treated everyone equally. But unlike Richard I did ot learn about race teh hard way. I did not get physical experience to learn about race.

And taht is I think due to teh civil rights movement. It gave me teh ability to live, eat, be next to, stand up with, walk with, look at, share with, talk with everyone. And it gave us a chance to be friends with everyone and anyone despite their race. And i think that is one of the best achievments of mankind in all of history.

draft

Samantha Frazier

In a time where Jim Crow is the law and whites have the power to get away with murder, racism is something that is both taught and experienced first hand by children both black and white. No matter what the race of a child is, in America especially, and in other country, children become aware of their identity and ethnicity to a certain extent. Some feel that racial profiling comes from a nonstop recycling of old customs and practices that live on dormant in the back of the mind. People chose to ignore signs of racism and try to forget the harsdships of past civil rights activits and live on. However children of all colors are able to identify and respond to racism as a young age and even question the experiences thney’ve had.

an experience w/ race...

I haven't really had any personal experience w/ race, but this topic did remind me of a book I read when was younger called Amazing Grace. A young Black girl named Grace desperately wanted the starring role in her class play Peter Pan. However, some other classmates tried to shut her down by telling her she couldnt be Peter because she was a girl and she was Black. She felt so hurt and confused about being rejected due to her race, she had no clue what to do, so she confided in her mother. This story came to mind because like many of the characters we studied in the literature we have read are just like Grace; they don't know how to react to or deal with the issue of racial discrimination.

an experience w/ race...

when i realized i was black

i was only in the 6th grade and there weren't many people who looked and talked like me. i eventually migrated into a group of individuals who i could identify with but was still afraid of accepting differance and maturity. as i went on to high school and learned all about different cultures and people, socializing with all races was much easier to deal with until i was asked a very ignorant question. why don't you talk black? i responded by saying that i do not know much ablout color languages, i speak purple but orange is my native tongue. it bothered me to know that such ignorance still existed in the most intergrated situations and that people still carried with them the mind set and the strong belief in sterotypes of blacks.

first altercation with racism

whn i was evenyears old i experienced my first encounter with racism. I was in a park right next to my apartment building wit hmy best friend Jelori. We were on the only two swings in the entire park just having a good time. We see a white man with his daughter waking towards the park and become excited that maybe a new friend was in the midst. My best friend and i were totally surprised when the white older man walked up to me and planly asked me to move. I was stunned at how blunt and rude his statement was and i said why. He responed by saying because "my daughter wants to swing so move now nigger" . i beacame very angry and said no she can wait in line like i did..he slowly backed away and said that " i knew i shouldnt have come here you people still dont know our place"...and with that comment he left but left me with ashamed, confused, and scared. I think from then on i have had problems with accepting the thoughts that come along with being blak. people always say to me that that's how the world works....but why is that something i should just accept and not fight.

my connection

although in "my topic" i discussed how richard in uncle tom's children saw white people i actually want to discuss the story the sky is gray because in that story it seemed as though only the white people had money and were better off when in reality (my reality) there are white people that are not well off at all

My Story

Growing up in a place where poverty is nothing new, i noticed that almost everyone living there was either on welfare, section 8 or both. although this is not something that i thought of consciencly i assumed that the only people receiving these benefits would be people of color. my perspective changed this summer while at carleton college. when ever i thought of a white person i thought of money and big houses so when i arrived at the program i felt that i would be the poorest person there, compared to them. however, i had a rhetoric assistant who was white that allowed me to see that not all white people had money. he grew up in alabama with a poor family. This didnt surprise me because there are some white people that are poor (not like colored people though). i then learned that he also grew up using food stamps. i was shocked!!!! i never imagined that white people could use food stamps or even wanting to. i realized that white should not be related to wealth.

my topic

i want to discuss the way we learn about the race of white people. In the story "Uncle Tom's Children" richard learns about the laws of jim crow but he also learns about white people. i want to discuss this issue to show that we have this idea that white people are superior when they really are not

Race does not determine your destination(this is my essay topic)

Coming back from a very prestigious boarding school in Wallingford CT called Choate Rosemary Hall this past summer I began to learn how non important race was. I'm not of white descent and my family doesn't have money or are not wealthy at all. I found myself sitting in a classroom with people from all over the world that had a way better economical situation than me, race in this situation didn't play in factor in me being admitted into such school. As long as you have the skills, motivation and qualities of a goes student you will get the same opportunities that these wealthy people are giving. There were black and Hispanic people at the boarding school that I was attending that could clearly afford such tuition. On the other hand there were students who share the same qualities as the others as far as academics but were on scholarships but they were sharing the same environment.
Money and opportunities have nothing to do with race, is all about what you make of your personal life. You set down your boundaries in life. Your culture and life does not determine what you do or what you could do. Race doesn't predict where you're heading is your actions that do. People are always confused and mistaken when they say that you can't go a certain way or be at a certain level because of your race or skin color.

This is just what I have so far.........
this is my story:
When i was living in the Dominican Republic i noticed how hatians that migrated there were treated as inferior. Everywhere i used to go people would make descriminating jokes about hatians. Many hatians were insulted because of where they were fromand what their background is. me as a little boy did not understand why these people were treates this way. There was stereotyping everywhere and everytime i hear about sturories of african americans i emember my experience in the dominican republic. I grew up in the aggressor side instead of he victims side. I witnessed how people were born with a mentality of superiority and ego. Eventhough the situation wasn't nowhere near as severe as the african ameriacan situation, it still brought an impact in my life of how a society can shape a persons life.
The topic of my essay is going to be about how people are raised with an idea of superiority, and how eventhough there weren't violence nor segregation invoved between Dominicans and Hatians. The mind set of a person could atill think that they are superior to others lik in the stories.
for my essay I will write relate a time of my life to "the sky is gray". The scene was went the boy was hungry but his mother had no money to give because the money she had was to leave town and pay the dentist.

Changes to Schedule

There have been a few changes to our printed schedule:
1.Danielle's and Kiese's conversation about Katrina will be at 6:30 PM tonight (instead of 7), in the Villard Room, Main 2nd floor.
3.Today (Wednesday) the afternoon study period (3:30-5) will be held in the Library Seminar Room, room 30, which is just to the left after you come up the stairs into the front hall.
2. Instead of the Friday study period from 4-5, Luis will meet you at the entrance of Main and take you on a tour of the Vassar residence houses.

Tuesday, July 31, 2007

Reflection on Writing Lab II

Yesterday we practiced using annotation as a way of engaging in "active reading," and as a way of generating ideas for a paper. Today you used the same method on your own writing--the stories you wrote about your own experiences of learning about race, which will be one of the two core texts for your essay. The worksheet asked you to find two or three words, phrases, images or ideas in your story that struck you as especially central or significant, write them in the first column, then comment on them in the second column. Some writing teachers call this the "dialectical notebook." You don't need any special form for it, just a piece of paper with a line drawn down the middle, so that you can put quotes on one side and annotations on the other. If you're working with a longer piece, the more quotations you annotate, the more connections you will start to see, both in the text and in your thinking about it.

This method of annotation is useful not only as a way of reading and thinking about a text; it is also great way to get started on a first draft. After you've identified at least three key images, phrases, or ideas, follow up with some writing that leads you towards the next level of synthesis. Some possible questions: What do the phrases, images, or ideas you chose have in common? What theme runs through what you have written? You can do this exercise with both your story and the reading that you've chosen.

The next stage, which we began at the end of the lab, is to put the two texts (story and reading) into dialogue with one another. The second worksheet asked you to choose two of your key words or phrase, or short quotation, and then to find a short quotation from one of the readings that seems to you to "speak" to them--through a common theme, or a point that's somewhat different from yours but still related in some way, or a shared key term (which may mean something different to you, in terms of your experience, than it did for the author of the reading). Use the middle space to explore your ideas about the connections between your writing on the topic (how kids learn about race) and the other author's. Use the other author's writing to expand your own ideas, or to react to something he/she said.

You can use these writings as notes when writing the first draft of your essay.

Great work today! Please post your stories on the Blog so we can all read them...

revisied Brinstorm

another topic i am considering writing about is how people through out history not only whites have fed African American children with the idea that something is wrong with being African American. in the children's study where the children were asked which doll was the nicest or which doll was the best the majority of the children answered that the white doll was best. I have always wondered why is that? As an African American child growing up around most African Americans there was constant talk of how being of a lighter skin color ,even though you are still African American, is better how its harder to get ahead if your a darker complexion than other blacks in the world , and although it was never directly stated to me it was always an understanding that being a light skin African American or being white enables you to do more, or is the better race . Just like in both excepts by Grainier and Wright the young children are faced with or subconsciously taught that the white race is superior. Even until this day other people are telling us our insecurities and i still struggle with fully being proud of the color of my skin.

Monday, July 30, 2007

Brainstrom

ok umm im not really sure exactly what my final topic is going to be but it may be how in my own life i havent experienced the side of school that isnt diversed but how i witness it everyday. I live near a school that has been broken up into 5 different schools. The reading rates are extremely low and it has everything to do with the lack of money.

essay

In my essay I planning to write about my own personal experience in school, the progress that I believe has been made in the last 5o years and the improvements that i feel need to be made. I also want to write about how even though there isn't legal segregration, in NY you can see the difference in schools and the education which people recieve. There are some sudents that recieve a much better education then other just because of where they live, there are kids who are confined to a certain school. As a student in public school i know that there is a lot more then can be done. In the essay i also want to mention how sometimes kids don't realize what is wrong in the education which they are recieving, because even though they might be doing well in the situation that they are in there is more that they are capable of doing. In Uncle Tom's cabin and The sky is Gray we see how our society and the people around us affect us, I belive that my environment and the people who I have met have had an influnce on me.

Lessons mother teach their children through hardcore diciplines

" Then I catch her kind of looking where i'm at. i smile at her a little bit. But think she'll smile back?"(pg. 91) - "The sky is Gray"

When I read this quote I compared my parental relation with his in a strange way. In this quote his mother reaction to his gesture of love and sympaty was very cold and sometimes my mom is very cold with me. Mothers love their kids but they have a diferent way of expressing that love. As I grew up surrounded by my grandmother who spoiled me alot and my mom who was very young and with poor experience in the filed of motherhood. With my grandmother I experience the sweet part of life and how to be caring and sensitive. However, as James mother my mother also at some random moment in life had a radical change in her life. Transitions are part of life and my mother and my father separated in a moment my mom was not pepare o take responsibility for me and herself. As James father was taking away to go and serve for the army his mother had to step out and be the man and the mother. My mother did too. As she was rasing me she also was growing and it was mutal fight for survival. She was not the loving mother I would have liked to have. Nevertheless, she was the young mother who without any experience in life was looking forward to enhance me with the best education as posible. When I read how James tryed to be a man and not complain and understand his mother I realized in a strange way I have done that myself. I did all I could to be the perfect daughter because that would be a problem less for my mother. My mom was very straight and always made me get rid of my fears and at that moment in time I could not understand why she was doing that but now I see it was to prepare me to survive in a world of darkness and fight for my goals. She made do my own things but now I know it was so I could be independent. As I was reading this I was atonished to discover my mother has just being preparing me so when is time for me to go out to the world.

Essay Brainstorm

To elaborate on my previous statement, I think can relate to the topic by comparing how life for colored youth has drastically changed from then to now. Education has changed today but yet some aspects still remain the same. White education today has a higher quality than that of minority schools. I can compare my experience to that of other kids and their high school experiences.

Essay brainstorm

i can totally relate to this topic by comparing and contrasting life.

EZ's Storm in the Brain

I would like to write an essay that could put the characters in a hypothetical world. And compare or contrast the different actions Richard would take. Instead of listening to what the white people said he should do, he would do what he thought was the right and fair thing. This would also show that Richard would not become spoiled and steal and lie. Instead we would see the honest and kind person he could have becoe if he was treated like a human being and not an animal.

wannabe essay topic

i would feel comfertable writting about the strategy used in the days of jim crow and displaying the difference between the survival tactics and the steps taken toward change. i could use the mind set of teens and students today and our environment and how that effects us in comparison to the surroundings of richard and the boy who suggested that the grass was green.

Prompt for tonight's postings

Hey guys,
Hope that you had a good first day at Vassar! I was quite impressed by our discussions, and I look forward to more as the week goes on. For tonight, you should read pgs 61-96 of the Civil Rights Reader. As I said earlier, you all will be writing a short (2 pgs.) essay connecting the Gaines, Wright, and Civil Rights Reader pieces to your personal experiences. Each of the readings addresses the question, "how do children learn about race?" We would like you to address that question for the Jim Crow era of Gaines, Wright, and other children mentioned in the readings on Brown, and for you in the late 20th/early 21st century. Show how you identify (or not) with the characters from the readings, and in what ways you feel racial education has changed for children now, over 50 years after the Brown decision. You may also integrate the recent Supreme Court decision in your essay, if you want.

Tonight's posting should be a brief brainstorm of your ideas for the essay. You don't have to write much, but I think that thinking "out loud" on the blog will help you formulate ideas and relate concepts you want to address in the essay. Please make your posting before writing lab tomorrow. We will go over them tomorrow.

Thanks guys! Great work today:)